فراتحلیل اثر بخشی مداخله‌های آموزشی بر تفکر انتقادی دانش آموزان

نویسندگان
دانشگاه پیام نور
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر، تعیین تأثیر مداخله­های آموزشی بر تفکر انتقادی دانش­آموزان و مقایسه این تأثیر در دانش­آموزان دوره­های ابتدایی و متوسطه اول و دوم بود. بدین منظور از روش فراتحلیل استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش کلیه مقالههایی بود که اثر­بخشی مداخلات آموزشی بر تفکر انتقادی را مورد بررسی قرار داده بودند و 15 مورد پژوهش که از لحاظ روش­شناسی مورد قبول بود، انتخاب و فراتحلیل بر روی آنها انجام شد. ابزار پژوهش، چک لیست فراتحلیل بود که 1222 شرکت کننده را در خود جای داده بود. پس از خلاصه کردن نتایج پژوهش­ها، اندازه اثر محاسبه و بر اساس رویکرد فراتحلیل هانتر و اشمیت ترکیب شده و طبق جدول کوهن تفسیر شدند. یافته­های پژوهش نشان داد که میزان اثر مداخلات آموزشی بر تفکر انتقادی دانش آموزان،43/0بوده است (001/0p<). این میزان اثر در دوره ابتدایی32/0 (01/0 p<)، در دوره متوسطه اول45/0 (01/0 p<) و در دوره متوسطه دوم 61/0 (001/0 p<) به دست آمد. همچنین نتایج حاصل از تحلیل تعدیلی، بیانگر اثرگذاری متغیرهای تعدیل کننده در این مداخلات بود. بر اساس نتایج فراتحلیل حاضر، میزان اثر مداخلات آموزشی بر تفکر انتقادی دانش­آموزان مطابق جدول کوهن، بالاتر از متوسط می­باشد. این میزان اثر در دانش­آموزان دوره ابتدایی در سطح متوسط، در دانش­آموزان دوره متوسطه اول، بالاتر از متوسط و در دانش­آموزان دوره متوسطه دوم در سطح بالا ارزیابی شد. اثر متغیرهای تعدیل کننده در دوره ابتدایی بالاتر از دوره­های متوسطه اول و دوم بوده است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of educational interventions on students' critical thinking

چکیده English

The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of educational interventions on students' critical thinking and Comparison of this effect in elementary, junior and high school students by using meta-analysis method based on the Hunter and Schmidt approach. Fifteen studies which were accepted methodologically and conducted within the last 10 years in Iran were included in the meta-analysis. The checklist of meta-analysis with 1222 participants were used. The results indicated that the effect size of educational interventions on students' critical thinking was 0/43. The effect size in elementary, junior and high school students was 0/32, 0/45 and 0/61. Also, the results of modulatory analysis showed the efficacy of moderating variables in these interventions. Based on the results of the present meta-analysis, the effect of educational interventions on students' critical thinking according to Cohen's table was above average. This effect rate was evaluated moderate in elementary students, above average in junior high school students and high in secondary school students. The effect of moderating variables in elementary school was higher than the first and second secondary school.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Critical thinking
Meta-analysis
Hunter and Schmidt approach
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