ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مقیاس توالی تحول نظریه ذهن در کودکان پیش دبستانی ایرانی

نویسندگان
1 گروه روان شناسی، موسسه تحقیقات تربیتی، روان شناختی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران.
2 گروه روانپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران.
3 دانشکده روان شناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی- واحد کرج
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی برخی از ویژگی‌های روانسنجی (شامل انطباق، ساختار عاملی و پایایی و روایی) مقیاس توالی تحول نظریه ذهن در کودکان فارسی زبان بود. روش پژوهش از نوع همبستگی از نوع انطباق‌یابی و اعتبار‌سنجی ابزار بود. جامعه شامل کودکان پیش‌دبستانی شهر تهران و نمونه شامل 100 نفر از کودکان 4 تا 7 ساله شهر تهران بودند. از ابزارهای مقیاس توالی تحول نظریه ذهن و آزمون نظریه ذهن استیرمن استفاده شد. داده‌ها با روش‌های کیفی انطباق‌یابی ابزار، تحلیل عاملی و همبستگی پیرسون تحلیل شدند. آزمون توالی تحول نظریه ذهن در نمونه ایرانی از پایایی متوسط برخوردار است و دارای ساختار یک عاملی است. سوالات زیرمقیاس‌ها امکان تبدیل‌شدن به یک مقیاس کلی دارند و با بقیه زیرمقیاس‌ها ارتباط دارند به جز مقیاس 1 یعنی درک علایق گوناکون و می‌توان از این آزمون به خوبی برای اهداف پژوهشی به عنوان شاخصی چندگانه از تحول نظریه ذهن استفاده کرد. توالی تحولی زیرمقیاس‌های آزمون برای چهار زیرمقیاس باورهای گوناگون، درک باورکاذب آشکار، درک باور کاذب درباره محتوا، باور درباره­ هیجان و دسترسی به هیجان قابل‌قبول است و تمایز سنی را می‌توان در این زیرآزمون‌ها دید؛ اما برای دو تکلیف علایق گوناگون و درک هیجان واقعی از کاذب این توالی مشاهده نشد. همچنین روایی همگرای قابل‌قبول بین نمره کل شرکت‌کنندگان در این آزمون با نمره در دو زیرمقیاس از آزمون نظریه ذهن استیرمن مشاهده شد. براساس یافته‌ها می‌توان نتیجه‌گیری کرد که آزمون توالی تحول نظریه ذهن ویژگی های لازم برای کاربرد در زمینه سنجش این مولفه شناخت اجتماعی در کودکان ایرانی را دارد.




کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Psychometric properties of Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks in Iranian preschool children

نویسندگان English

Hamid Khanipour 1
Mitra Hakim Shooshtari 2
Mahshid Abadooz 3
Mojgan Atar 1
1 Institute for Educational, Psychological and Social Research, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Iran University of Medical Sciences
3 faculty of psychology, Islamic Azad university- Karaj branch
چکیده English

The purpose of the present study was to investigate some psychometric features of Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks (including adaptation, reliability, factor structure and validity) among Persian-speaking children. It was an adaptation and validation study of a psychological tool which administered in a correlational design. Population were Tehran preschool children and sample included 100 children from 4 to 7 years old in Tehran. Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks and Steerneman ToM test-R were administered. Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks in the Iranian sample has moderate reliability and one factor structure is more representative of seven tasks. Six tasks have the possibility of becoming a general scale and there were significant coefficient between six task and whole score of test, except for scale 1 (different desires). This test can be used well for research purposes as a multiple indicator of the development of the theory of mind. The developmental sequence of the subscales of the test is acceptable for the four subscales (including different beliefs, explicit false belief, content false belief, beliefs about emotions, and knowledge access. However, the age differences were not significant for two kinds of tasks (including different desires and real-apparent emotions). In addition, acceptable convergent validity was observed between the total score of the participants in this test and the score in two subscales of Steerneman ToM test-R. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks has the necessary features to be used in the field of measuring this component of social cognition in Iranian children

کلیدواژه‌ها English

theory of mind
Scaling of Theory-of-Mind Tasks
children
false belief
cognitive development
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