اثربخشی بازی درمانی مبتنی بر رویکرد آکسلاین بر سلامت روان و بهزیستی عاطفی دانش آموزان با نیازهای ویژه بر اساس روش ABC

نویسنده
اکرم حافظی
دانشگاه فرهنگیان
چکیده
مشکلات موجود در حیطۀ شناسایی راهبردهای مؤثر به منظور بهبود سلامت روان و بهزیستی­عاطفی کودکان­کم­شنوا و مشکلات هیجانی و روانی که اکثر این کودکان در زندگی روزمره با آن روبرو می­باشند، لزوم تحقیق و افزایش توجه به این حیطه را روشن می­کند.­ بنابراین هدف از این تحقیق بررسی اثربخشی بازی درمانی مبتنی بر رویکرد آکسلاین بر سلامت روان و بهزیستی عاطفی کودکان کم شنوای ابتدایی بر اساس روش ABC بود. پژوهش حاضر طرح­ نیمه تجربی از نوع مورد منفرد و با طرح خط پایه، مداخله و پیگیری بود. با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس، تعداد 3 کودک کم شنوای دبستانی از مرکز توانبخشی خانواده و کودک دارای اختلال شنوایی پژواک در شهر تهران انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش در این پژوهش پرسشنامۀ سلامت روان کودکان جلینک و همکاران، پرسشنامۀ‌ بهزیستی ذهنی دینر و همکاران و برگۀ ثبت­داده­ها بود. ابتدا 3 بار پرسشنامه­ها با فاصله زمانی 3 روز در میان به عنوان خط پایه اجرا شد. مشخص شد ثباتی نسبی در نمرات وجود دارد. سپس مداخله در 8 جلسه اجرا شد. بعد از هر جلسه یک بار مشارکت کنندگان، ارزیابی و 2 هفته بعد، همان پرسشنامه 3 بار با فاصله زمانی 2روز در میان به عنوان مرحلۀ پیگیری اجرا شدند. داده ها با استفاده از نرم­افزار اکسل وSPSS26 و به روش تحلیل درون­موقعیتی و بین­موقعیتی شدند. نتایج حاکی از آن بود که سلامت روان و بهزیستی عاطفی در هر یک از آزمودنی­ها بعد از مداخله افزایش داشته است. 8 جلسه مداخله صورت گرفته است که پس از آن در جلسه فراوانی متغیرها ثبت شده است. با توجه به نمودارها می­توان روند افزایشی متغیرها را مشاهده نمود و در قسمت پایانی نمودار، 3 جلسه پیگیری که دو هفته پس از آخرین مداخله در نظر گرفته شده است، همچنان روند ثبات تقریبی متغیرها را نشان می دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بازی درمانی
رویکرد آکسلاین
سلامت روان
بهزیستی عاطفی
کودکان کم شنوا
روشABC

عنوان مقاله English

The effectiveness of play therapy based on Axline's approach on the mental health and emotional well-being of students with special needs based on the ABC method.

نویسنده English

akram hafezi
Farhangian University
چکیده English

The problems in identifying effective strategies to improve the mental health and emotional well-being of hearing-impaired children and the emotional and psychological problems that most of these children face in their daily lives make clear the need for research and increased attention to this area. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy based on Axline's approach on the mental health and emotional well-being of primary hearing impaired children based on the ABC method. The current research was a semi-experimental design of single case type with baseline, intervention and follow-up design. Using available sampling method, 3 hearing impaired primary school children were selected from Pajhwok Family and Hearing Impaired Child Rehabilitation Center in Tehran. The measurement tools in this research were the children's mental health questionnaire by Jelink et al., the mental well-being questionnaire by Diener et al., and the record sheet. First, the questionnaires were administered 3 times with an interval of 3 days as a baseline. It was found that there is a relative stability in the grades. Then the intervention was implemented in 8 sessions. After each session, the participants were evaluated once and 2 weeks later, the same questionnaire was administered 3 times with a time interval of 2 days as a follow-up phase. The data were analyzed using Excel and SPSS 26 software and by intra-site and inter-site analysis. The results indicated that mental health and emotional well-being increased in each of the subjects after the intervention. 8 intervention sessions have been held, after which the frequency of variables was recorded in the session. According to the graphs, the increasing trend of the variables can be seen, and in the final part of the graph, 3 follow-up sessions, which are considered two weeks after the last intervention, still show the approximate stability trend of the variables.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Play therapy
Axline approach
mental health
emotional well-being
Students
ABC method
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