نگاهی ژرف به مدارس: واکاوی حمایت سازمانی از منظر کارکنان

نویسندگان
مرضیه متقی دستنائی
حسین عبدالهی
علی خورسندی طاسکوه
علامه طباطبایی
چکیده
هدف پژوهش حاضر واکاوی حمایت سازمانی در نهادهای آموزشی می­باشد، جامعه مورد مطالعه مدارس دوره ابتدایی، متوسطه اول و دوم دخترانه و پسرانه منطقه 15 شهر تهران می­باشد. نمونه مورد مطالعه شامل 17 نفر کادر آموزشی و اجرایی مدارس( 11 معلم، 3 معاون و 3 مدیر) و 3 خبره در حوزه منابع انسانی ( کارشناس مسئول رفاه و تعاون اداره آموزش و پرورش منطقه 15، کارشناس امور بانوان و جوانان یکی از ادارات آموزش و پرورش و مدیر بخش توسعه منابع انسانی در یک شرکت خصوصی) می­باشد.این پژوهش به روش کیفی و پدیدارشناسانه، به صورت مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته انجام گرفت سپس داده­ها با استفاده از کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی طبقه بندی شد. نتایج حاصل از کدگذاری و تحلیل داده­ها نشان­دهنده تفاوت عمده میزان حمایت سازمانی در سازمان آموزش و پرورش و سایر نهادهای دولتی می­باشد. همچنین تحلیل نتایج حاکی از این است که بسیاری از معلمان تعریف دقیقی از مفهوم حمایت سازمانی ندارند و عمدتا این مقوله را شامل حمایت مالی می­دانند و عوامل مالی و رفاهی را(معلمان مرد) و عوامل عاطفی و مالی را( معلمان خانم) تاثیرگذارترین عامل بر حمایت سازمانی و ادراک آن می­دانند. همچنین بررسی داده­ها بیانگر این است که جایگاه و مقام معلمان در جامعه در زمان گذشته بسیار بالاتر از حال حاضر بوده و معلمان از حمایت بیشتری توسط والدین دانش­آموزان و جامعه برخوردار بودند و همه­ی افراد حاضر در پژوهش به اتفاق خواستار افزایش حمایت مالی و قضایی بودند که در این راستا تغییرات اساسی در اسناد و قوانین بالادستی و آموزش حمایت سازمانی و مولفه­های آن در دوره­های ضمن خدمت به معلمان تا حد زیادی می­تواند بر ایجاد سازمان و فرهنگی حامی در سازمان آموزش و پرورش تاثیرگذار باشد؛ چنین شرایطی می­تواند در بهبود روحیه و انگیزه­ی معلمان در مدارس تاثیر­گذار بوده و جایگاه و منزلت از دست رفته معلمان را به آنان برگرداند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
حمایت ساختاری سازمانی
حمایت رفتاری سازمانی
نهاد‌های آموزشی
تجارب زیسته معلمان

عنوان مقاله English

A Deep Look at Schools: Exploring Organizational Support from an Employee Perspective

نویسندگان English

marzieh mottaghi
Hosein Abdollahi
Ali Khorsandi
Allameh Tabataba'i
چکیده English

The aim of this study is to investigate organizational support in educational institutions. The study population is elementary, junior high and senior high schools for girls and boys in District 15 of Tehran. The study sample includes 17 educational and administrative staff of schools (11 teachers, 3 assistants and 3 principals) and 3 experts in the field of human resources (an expert in charge of welfare and cooperation of the Education Department of District 15, an expert in women and youth affairs of one of the Education Departments and a manager of the Human Resources Development Department in a private company). This research was conducted using a qualitative and phenomenological method, in the form of semi-structured interviews, then the data were classified using open, axial and selective coding. The results of coding and data analysis indicate a major difference in the level of organizational support in the Education Department and other government institutions. Also, the analysis of the results indicates that many teachers do not have a precise definition of the concept of organizational support and mainly consider this category to include financial support and consider financial and welfare factors (male teachers) and emotional and financial factors (female teachers) to be the most influential factors on organizational support and its perception. Also, the data analysis indicates that the status and status of teachers in society in the past was much higher than it is now, and teachers enjoyed more support from students' parents and society, and all the people present in the study unanimously called for increased financial and judicial support. In this regard, fundamental changes in upstream documents and laws and training in organizational support and its components in in-service courses for teachers can greatly affect the creation of a supportive organization and culture in the education and training organization; such conditions can be effective in improving the morale and motivation of teachers in schools and return the lost status and dignity of teachers to them.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

organizational structural support
organizational behavioral support
educational institutions
Lived experiences of teachers
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