بررسی وضعیت پرورش تفکر انتقادی از دیدگاه انیس در سامانه مدیریت یادگیری (ال ام اس) با رویکرد پساپدیدارشناسی

نویسندگان
زهرا غفوری
سعید ضرغامی همراه
اکبر صالحی
دانشگاه خوارزمی
چکیده
این پژوهش با هدف شناسایی نقاط قوت و ضعف پرورش تفکرانتقادی از دیدگاه انیس در سامانه مدیریت یادگیری (ال ام اس) صورت گرفته است. هدف اصلی پژوهش این است که جنبه‌های وساطت ال ام اس و تغییرات کاهشی و افزایشی که در تجارب یا ادراک یادگیرندگان در حوزه تفکر انتقادی صورت می­گیرد شناسایی شود. پساپدیدارشناسی که یک رویکرد فلسفی در مطالعات فناورانه است، این امکان را می­دهد تا چگونگی دگرگونی تجربه و ادراک فراگیران را هنگام استفاده از این فناوری­ها مورد بررسی قراردهیم، لذا در پژوهش حاضر از این روش بهره گرفته شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش دانشجویان شرکت کننده در کلاس­های مجازی بودندکه به صورت نمونه­گیری دسترس و با روش نمونه­گیری گلوله­برفی و در نظر گرفتن اصل اشباع انتخاب شده­اند و تجارب آن­ها با انجام مصاحبه نیمه­ساختاریافته درمورد اسـتفاده از سامانه مدیریت یادگیری مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. یافته­های پژوهش نشان می­دهدکه به­واسطه آموزش مجازی از طریق ال ام اس، دسترسی آسان به منابع آموزشی متنوع، ایجاد فرصت‌های بحث­وگفتگو به شیوه­های گوناگون، امکان یادگیری در گروه‌های کوچک، درک دیدگاه­های متنوع، محیط آموزش سازنده و امکان شخصی‌سازی آموزش، زمان و مکان انعطاف‌پذیر و امکان تقویت مهارت‌های حل مسئله و توسعه خودکارآمدی از جمله جنبه­های تقویت شده دانشجویان در بهره­گیری از ال ام اس است که به آن­ها توانایی بیشتری در تفکر انتقادی می­دهد. درمقابل کاهش تعاملات چهره­به­چهره میان فراگیران و اساتید، فقدان امکان پرسش­و­پاسخ مستقیم و چهره­به­چهره، نقص ادراکی در تفهیم و تفسیر مطالب، عدم امکان نظارت مستقیم بر فراگیران و عدم امکان ایجاد حس مشارکت و تعلق خاطر میان فراگیران و محیط آموزشی، موانعی برای اندیشیدن انتقادی دانشجویان است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تفکرانتقادی
سامانه مدیریت یادگیری
پساپدیدارشناسی
قوت‌ها
ضعف‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the situation of cultivating critical thinking from the point of view of Anis in the management system(LMS) with postphenomenology

نویسندگان English

Zahra Ghafouri
Saeid Zarghami-Hamrah
Akbar Salehi
kharazmi University
چکیده English

This research has been done with the aim of identifying the strengths and weaknesses of developing critical thinking from Enis' point of view in the learning management system (LMS). The main purpose of the research is to identify the aspects of LMS mediation and the decreasing and increasing changes that take place in the experiences or perceptions of learners in the field of critical thinking. Post-phenomenology, which is a philosophical approach in technological studies, allows us to examine how the experience and perception of learners change when using these technologies, so this method has been used in this research. The statistical population of the research was the students participating in virtual classes who were selected by convenience sampling and using the snowball sampling method and considering the principle of saturation, and their experiences by conducting a semi-structured interview about the use It has been investigated from the learning management system. The findings of the research show that through virtual education through LMS, easy access to various educational resources, creating opportunities for discussion and conversation in various ways, the possibility of learning in small groups, understanding diverse perspectives, environment Constructive training and the possibility of personalizing training, flexible time and place, and the possibility of strengthening problem-solving skills and developing self-efficacy are among the strengthened aspects of students in using LMS, which gives them more ability in critical thinking. . In contrast to the reduction of face-to-face interactions between learners and professors, the lack of possibility of direct and face-to-face questioning and answering, cognitive defects in the understanding and interpretation of materials, the impossibility of directly monitoring learners and the impossibility of creating a sense of participation and belonging. The differences between learners and the educational environment are obstacles for students' critical thinking.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Critical thinking
learning management system
postphenomenology
strengths
weaknesses
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