Designing The Model Of Mathematical Educational Board Games Based On A Systematic Review.

Authors
Mehdi Alyari
Marjan Kian
Yousef MahdaviNasab
Effat Abbasi
Abstract
The aim of the present research is to design a model of educational board games. The research method was systematic review. The community includes valid national and international sources and documents on the subject of research in both Persian and English. The sampling method was purposive and criterion-based, selected through searches in the databases of Eric, Emerald, Wiley, Science Direct, Taylor & Francis, and general searches on the internet using Google and Google Scholar between the years 2015 and 2023. For data analysis in this section, open coding, axial coding, and selective coding were employed using Atlas Ti software. Additionally, to validate the desired model, a Delphi method survey was conducted with 15 experts, and after several rounds of data exchange, the final model was ultimately approved. The results of the present research include 6 main categories, 16 subcategories, and 56 sub-subcategories. The main categories include design, which encompasses preliminary design and mechanics; production, including resources, initial implementation, small group execution, and feedback; execution, consisting of preparation and gameplay or user experience; evaluation and validity, which includes educational discourse, player feedback, and final feedback from the game developer; publication, covering final production, customization capability, and development and improvement; and analysis, which involves the game developer's perspective, audience analysis, context, and curricular requirements.
Keywords
Educational games
Board games
Systematic review
1. Document on the Fundamental Transformation of Education (2013), approved by the Supreme Council of Cultural Revolution. Published by: Ministry of Education. [In Persian].
2. Golzar Moghadam, Xabiz and Kian, Marjan and Gramipour, Masoud and Mahdavi Nasab, Youssef, 1400, Analysis of scientific productions in the field of integrating augmented reality technology in education, Research Quarterly in Curriculum Planning, Volume: 18(70) , pp. 76-92. [In Persian].
3. Abdul Maliki, Saber (2017). Free play: its concept and components in children's education. Analytical, Educational, Preschool Development Quarterly, No. 38: 51-48. [In Persian].
4. Uruti Mawafaq Leila, Ebrahimi Qavam Soghari, Saadipour Ismail, Delawar Ali, Dertaj Fariborz (2017). Developing an educational program based on the theory of generative learning and determining its effectiveness on increasing self-regulation, academic engagement and academic progress of first secondary students in Hamedan city, winter 2017. [In Persian].
5. Ghaffari, Khalil, Davoudi, Hossein, Heydari, Hassan, Mohammadi, Fatemeh, and Yasblaghi Shrahi, Bahman. (2018). The effectiveness of the educational game on the academic progress of first grade elementary school students in Farsi. Educational Psychology Studies, 16(35), 211-242. [In Persian].
6. Hughes, Peter Fergus. (1390). Psychology of play (children, play and development). Translated by Kamran Ganji. Tehran: Rushd Publications. [In Persian].
7. Aditya, D. K., Koesoemadinata, M. I. P., Hidayat, S., & Wahab, T. (2018). Board Games As A New Media To Local Geniuses Narratives Case Study: BoardGame Project Based On Astrological System Of Kolenjer. 905(July 2020).
8. Agung, A., Wiryya, A., Surjono, H. D., Pendidikan, I., & Yogyakarta, U. N. (2023). Staidear Board Game Model Application Vocational School Students Learning in Facilitating. 7(1), 90–98.
9. Almeida, M., Barros, P., Breda, A., Resende, H., & Rocha, E. (2019). THE EDUCATIONAL MATH BOARD GAME 3DM6. EDULEARN19 Proceedings, 1.https://doi.org/10.21125/edulearn.2019.0911.
10. Ana Juhasz .(2021) Primary school Teachers' ATTITUDE TO BOARD-GAMES AND THEIR BOARD-GAME PLAYING PRACTICE1 . Volume 14, Number 1, 2021 – DOI: 10.24193/adn.14.1.15.
11. Angela Pyle, Christopher DeLuca, and Erica Danniels.(2017) A scoping review of research on play-based. pedagogies in kindergarten education. British Educational Research Association.
12. Arpentieva, M., Retnawati, H., Akhmetova, T., Azman, M., & Kassymova, G. (2021).
13. Bayeck, R. Y. (2020). Examining board gameplay and learning: A multidisciplinary review of recent research. Simulation & Gaming, 51(4), 411-431.
14. Bayeck, R. Y. (2018). A review of five African board games: Is there any educational potential?. Cambridge Journal of Education, 48(5), 533-552
15. Bergen, D. (2002). The role of pretend play in children’s cognitive development. Early Childhood Research & Practice, 4,1–12.
16. Boghian, I., Cojocariu, V. M., Popescu, C. V., & Mâţӑ, L. (2019). Game-based learning. Using board games in adult ed.
17. Bontchev, B., D. Vassileva, Educational Quiz.Board Games for Adaptive E-Learning, to appear at.ICTE'2010: "International Conference on.Technology and Education", June 28-30, Paris,France, 2010.
18. Breathnach, H. (2017). Children's perspectives of play in an early childhood classroom. PhD by Publication, Queensland University of Technology.
19. Butterworth, B., Varma, S., & Laurillard, D. (2011). Dyscalculia: from brain to education. science, 332(6033), 1049-1053.
20. Cahya Dewi, F., & Haryanto, E. (2020). Dewaruci board game design as a Wayang introduction media for children 10 - 12 years old : Perancangan board game Dewaruci sebagai media pengenalan tokoh Wayang bagi anak usia 10 - 12 tahun. Arty: Jurnal Seni Rupa, 9(2).
21. Cardinot, A., McCauley, V., & Fairfield, J. A. (2022). Designing physics board games: a practical guide for educators. Physics Education, 57(3), 035006.
22. Cheng, P. H., Yeh, T. K., Chao, Y. K., Lin, J., & Chang, C. Y. (2020). Design ideas for an issue-situation-based board game involving multirole scenarios. Sustainability, 12(5), 2139.
23. Cheng, P.-H., Yeh, T.-K., Tsai, J.-C., Lin, C.-R., & Chang, C.-Y. (2019). Development of an issue- situation-based board game: A systemic learning environment for water resource adaptation education. Sustainability, 11(5), 1341. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11051341
24. Chiarello, F., & Castellano, M. G. (2016). Board games and board game design as learning tools for complex scientific concepts: Some experiences. International Journal of Game-Based Learning (IJGBL), 6(2), 1-14.
25. Chou, M. J. (2017). Board games play matters: A rethinking on children’s aesthetic experience and interpersonal understanding. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 13(6), 2405-2421.
26. Dell'Angela, L., Zaharia, A., Lobel, A., Vico Begara, O., Sander, D., & Samson, A. C. (2020). Board games on emotional competences for school-age children. Games for health journal, 9(3), 187-196.
27. De Freitas, S. (2018). Are games effective learning tools? A review of educational games. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 21(2), 74-84.
28. Dimitra, K., Konstantinos, K., Christina, Z., & Katerina, T. (2020). Types of Game-Based Learning in Education: A brief state of the art and the implementation in Greece. European Educational Researcher, 3(2), 87-100.
29. Dumin., M. B., Cermak-Sassenrath, D., Haeusler, C., & Smets, I. (2022). A Custom-Made Board Game to Familiarise Primary School Children with Atoms. Proceedings of the European Conference on Games-Based Learning, 2022-Octob, 199–207.
30. Dziob, Daniel.2020.Board Game in Physics Classes--A Proposal for a New Method of Student Assessment.Research in Science Education, v50 n3 p845-862 Jun 2020.
31. Egwutvongsa, S., & Tongmoon, N. (2023). After the Spread of COVID-19: A Study of Board Game Design Factor for Game-Based Learning. Journal of Higher Education Theory and Practice, 23(1).
32. Fathurrohman, M., Nindiasari, H., & Rahayu, I. (2022). A conventional and digital mathematical board game design and development for use by students in learning arithmetic. Journal on Mathematics Education, 13(4), 631–660.
33. Fjællingsdal, K. S., & Klöckner, C. A. (2020). Green across the board: Board games as tools for dialogue and simplified environmental communication. Simulation & Gaming, 51(5), 632-652.
34. Gasteiger, H., & Moeller, K. (2021). Fostering early numerical competencies by playing conventional board games. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 204, 105060.
35. Golombek, A., Lankes, M., & Hagler, J. (2016). Vancouver maneuver: Designing a cooperative augmented reality board game. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 9926 LNCS.
36. Harisa, A. B., Umami, Z., & Saputra, F. O. (2022). Board Game Design for Conservation Organization. Journal of Games, Game Art, and Gamification, 7(1).
37. Hsu, H.L., & Chen, Z.H. (2020). Applying component-based strategy to design an educational board game for children to learn Chinese characters. 28th International Conference on Computers in Education, Conference Proceedings, 1(1), 448–453.
38. Hung, H. T. (2018). Gamifying the flipped classroom using game-based learning materials. ELT Journal, 72(3), 296-308.
39. Kolovelonis, A., Goudas, M., & Dermitzaki, I. (2011). The effect of different goals and self-
40. recording on self-regulation of learning a motor skill in a physical education setting. Learning and Instruction, 21(3), 355-364.
41. Lanezki, M., Siemer, C., & Wehkamp, S. (2020). Changing the game neighbourhood: An energy transition board game, developed in a co-design process: A case study. Sustainability, 12(24), 10509.
42. Lee HLJ (2016). SMARTies: Using a board game in the English classroom for edutainment and assessment. Malay. J. Elt Res. 8(1):35.
43. Liu, H.Y., Chen, P.H., Chen, W.J., Huang, S.S., Chen, J.H., & Yao, C.T. (2021). The effectiveness of a board game-based oral hygiene education program on oral hygiene knowledge and plaque index of adults with intellectual disability: A pilot study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 946.
44. Lin, Y.L., Huang, S.W., & Chang, C.C. (2019). The impacts of a marine science board game on motivation, interest, and achievement in marine science learning. Journal of Baltic Science Education, 18(6), 892–923.
45. Lin, Y.-T., & Wang, T.-C. (2022). A Study of Primary Students’ Technology Acceptance and Flow State When Using a Technology-Enhanced Board Game in Mathematics Education. Education Sciences, 12(11), 764..
46. Malicoban, E. V., Bulado, J. F., Soriano, D. A. A., Monte, A. B. L., & Mordeno, I. C. V. (2021). Development of a STEM board game electriciladders for grade 8 students. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1835(1).
47. Maṱhoho, E. N., Chirikure, S., & Nyamushosho, R. T. (2022). Board games and social life in Iron Age southern Africa. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 66, 101418.
48. Martins, J., & Mota, L. (2022). Innovative Board Game Design in an Academic Environment During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Engineering and Product Design Education: Disrupt, Innovate, Regenerate and Transform, E and PDE 2022, September.
49. Ma, Y., Vallet, F., Cluzel, F., & Yannou, B. (2019). Analysing the relevance of serious game elements for effectively teaching innovation processes. Proceedings of the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED, 2019-Augus(August), 439–448.
50. Miller, E., & Almon, J. (2009). Crisis in the kindergarten: Why children need to play in school. The Education Digest, 75,42–45.
51. Noda, S., Shirotsuki, K., & Nakao, M. (2019). The effectiveness of intervention with board games: a systematic review. BioPsychoSocial medicine, 13, 1-21.
52. Nurnberger-Haag, J., Wernet, J. L., & Benjamin, J. I. (2023). Gameplay in Perspective: Applications of a Conceptual Framework to Analyze Features of Mathematics Classroom Games in Consideration of Students’ Experiences. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 11(1), 267–303.
53. Poole, F., Clarke-Midura, J., Sun, C., & Lam, K. (2019). Exploring the pedagogical affordances of a collaborative board game in a dual language immersion classroom. Foreign Language Annals, 52(4), 753–775. https://doi.org/10.1111/flan.12425
54. Radzi, S. H. B. M., Ying, T. Y., Abidin, M. Z. Z., & Ahmad, P. A. (2020). The effectiveness of board game towards soft skills development for higher education. Elementary Education Online, 19(2), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.17051/ilkonline.2020.02.11.
55. Rahayu, C., Putri, R. I. I., Zulkardi, & Hartono, Y. (2022). Curiosity: A game-based early mathematics case. Journal on Mathematics Education, 13(2), 275–288. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.v13i2.pp275-288
56. Rajkovic, A. I., Ruzic, M. S., & Ljujic, B. (2019). Board Games as Educational Media: Creating and Playing Board Games for Acquiring Knowledge of History. Iartem E-Journal, 11(2), 27–29. https://doi.org/10.21344/iartem.v11i2.582.
57. Safitri. (2020).Pengembangan Media Board Game untuk Pembelajaran Tematik di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran, 6(2).
58. Samarasinghe, Di., Barlow, M., Lakshika, E., Lynar, T., Moustafa, N., Townsend, T., & Turnbull, B. (2021). A Data Driven Review of Board Game Design and Interactions of Their Mechanics. IEEE Access, 9, 114051–114069. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3103198
59. Satrio, M., Sanjaya, R., & Harnadi, B. (2020). Designing advertisement board game and examining factors correlated with board gaming behaviors. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1524(1).
60. Shalawati, S., & Soewardi, H. (2019, May). Design of The Kansei Board Game to Motivate the Elementary School Student in Learning English. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 528, No. 1, p. 012014). IOP Publishing.
61. Skillen, J., Berner, V. D., & Seitz-Stein, K. (2018). The rule counts! Acquisition of mathematical competencies with a number board game. Journal of Educational Research, 111(5), 554–563. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220671.2017.1313187
62. -smit,.k (2015).Preschool teachers’ understanding and implementation of learning through play.Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of, Magister Educationis ,Faculty of Education University of Pretoria.
63. Sousa C, Rye S, Sousa M, Torres PJ, Perim C, Mansuklal SA and Ennami F (2023) Playing at the school table: Systematic literature review of board, tabletop, and other analog game-based learning approaches. Front. Psychol. 14:1160591.
64. Sousa, M. (2020). A planning game over a map: Playing cards and moving bits to collaboratively plan a city. Frontiers in Computer Science, 2(37), 1–12.
65. Tahir, R., & Wang, A.I. (2018). Codifying game-based learning: The LEAGUE framework for evaluation. Proceedings of the 12th European Conference on Game Based Learning (ECGBL 2018), pp. 677–686. Sophia Antipolis, France. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1245096
66. Tahir, R. & Wang, A.I. (2019). Insights into design of educational games: Comparative analysis of design models. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, pp. 1041–1061. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02686-8_78
67. Thiel, S.K., & Lehner, U. (2015). Exploring the effects of game elements in m-participation. In Proceedings of the 2015 British HCI Conference (British HCI '15) (pp. 65–73). Association for Computing Machinery, NY. https://doi.org/10.1145/2783446.2783587
68. Treher, E.N. (2011). Learning with board games. Retrieved from http://www.destinagames.com/pdf/Board_Games _TLKWhitePaper_May16_2011r.pdf.
69. Tsai, J.C., Chen, S.Y., Chang, C.Y., & Liu, S.Y. (2020). Element enterprise tycoon: Playing board games to learn chemistry in daily life. Education Sciences, 10(3), 48.
70. Tsai, J.C., Liu, S.Y., Chang, C.Y., & Chen, S.Y. (2021). Using a board game to teach about sustainable development. Sustainability, 13(9), 4942.
71. Tseng, S.-S., Yang, T.-Y., Wang, Y.-J., & Lu, A.-C. (2019). Designing a cybersecurity board game based on design thinking approach. In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing (Vol. 773). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93554-6_63.
72. Wangenheim, G.V.C., Medeiros, G.A.D., Filho, R.M., Petri, G., Pinheiro, F.D.C., Ferreira, M.N.F., & Hauck, J.C. (2019). Splash code a board game for learning an understanding of algorithms in middle school. Informatics in Education, 18(2), 259–280. https://doi.org/10.15388/infedu.2019.12
73. Xu, Y., Barba, E., Radu, I., Gandy, M., & MacIntyre, B. (2011, January). Chores Are Fun: Understanding Social Play in Board Games for Digital Tabletop Game Design. In digra conference.
74. Zsoldos-Marchis, I., & Juhász, A. (2020). BOARD-GAMES IN THE PRIMARY CLASSROOM: TEACHERS'PRACTICE AND OPINION. In INTED2020 Proceedings (pp. 7573-7582). IATED.